AAFP
- Confidentiality Adolescent Health Care
www.aafp.org/x6613.xml
American Association of Family Physicians - Concerns about confidentiality
may discourage adolescents from seeking necessary medical care and counseling,
and may create barriers to open communication between patient and physician.
Protection of confidentiality is needed to appropriately address issues such
as depression, suicide, substance abuse, domestic violence, unintended pregnancy
and sexual orientation.
AGI - Minors and the Right to Consent to Health Care
www.agi-usa.org/pubs/ib_minors_00.html
Alan Guttmacher Institute - Establishing rules for minors' consent for medical
care has been one of the more difficult issues to face policymakers. States
have traditionally recognized the right of parents to make health care decisions
on their children's behalf, on the presumption that before reaching the age
of majority (18 in all but four states), young people lack the experience and
judgment to make fully informed decisions. August 2002.
AAP - Informed Consent, Parental Permission, and Assent
in Pediatric Practice (RE9510)
www.aap.org/policy/00662.html
American Academy of Pediatrics- doctrine of "informed consent" has
only limited direct application in pediatrics. Only patients who have appropriate
decisional capacity and legal empowerment can give their informed consent to
medical care. In all other situations, parents or other surrogates provide
informed permission for diagnosis and treatment of children with the assent
of the child whenever appropriate. In this statement, the AAP provides an updated
analysis of 1) the concept of informed consent; 2) the ethics
of informed consent and the concept of the right to refuse treatment; 3) the
concept of "proxy consent"; 4) the concepts of parental permission
and child assent; and 5) informed consent of adolescents.
Understanding Informed Consent
www.advancefornp.com/legal/aug_02.html
The person who will actually perform the medical procedure should obtain the
consent.
In every state, common law requires health care providers to obtain informed
consent before performing medical procedures that carry a higher than usual
risk. Informed consent requires a provider to disclose all information that
is material to the patient's decision about whether to agree to a medical procedure.
Article by Gerrie Schipske, NP, JD.
eMedicine - Informed Consent
www.emedicine.com/ent/topic181.htm
An informed consent is a consent that results from an understanding by the
patient of the risks and adverse effects of the proposed treatment. Obtaining
an informed consent requires that the physician make an effort to educate a
patient capable of learning. The physician who makes this effort and obtains
such consent has met both the legal and ethical obligations imposed upon him
or her by society.
Jewish Law - Medical Informed Consent in Jewish Law-
from the Patient’s Side
www.jlaw.com/Articles/MedConsent.html
Judaism requires a type of informed consent that while not identical to the
secular concept, in some ways is actually more stringent than its secular counterpart.
The key distinction between the secular and the Jewish approaches to informed
consent is the difference between rights and obligations. The secular emphasis
on autonomy inescapably leads to the conclusion that the patient has the right
to refuse any and all medical information. In Judaism, both becoming informed
and giving consent for appropriate treatment are required.
SAM -Confidential Care for Adolescents in the Health
Care Setting
www.adolescenthealth.org/PositionPaper_Confidential_Health_Care_for_Adolescents.pdf 
Society for Adolescent Medicine Position Statements and Resolutions on Confidential
Care for Adolescents (12/97)
YALE-New Haven Medical Center - Consent In Minors
info.med.yale.edu/caim/risk/patient_rights/patient_rights_3.html
Patients Rights: Issues in Risk Management
info.med.yale.edu/caim/risk/contents.html
Emancipated minors - Minors have the legal capacity of an adult
if they meet the following criteria: Live on their own, are self-supporting,
are married, are in the armed forces, or fulfill any combination
of the above. Mature minors - Legally, a "mature minor"
is judicially recognized as possessing sufficient understanding
and appreciation of the nature and consequences of treatment despite
their chronological age. The term is usually applied to adolescent
(age 14 or older) when a proposed treatment is not of a serious
nature. Additional issues are also included.
Guardianship - Guardians Help Protect You, Make Decisions
www.ican.com/news/fullpage.cfm
- Different Types of Guardians Carry Various Responsibilities
- How to Petition for Guardianship
- Guardian Must Act in Best Interest of Ward
- Change in Guardian, Duties is Allowed
- Know Alternatives to Make Best Choice
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